Practical Electrical Equipment And Installation...
This recommended practice presents criteria to determine ignitability hazards in chemical process areas using flammable liquids, gases, or vapors to assist in the selection of electrical systems and equipment for safe use in Class I hazardous (classified) locations.
Practical Electrical Equipment and Installation...
The National Fire Protection Association notes that faulty or damaged wiring and related electrical equipment cause 69 percent of electrical fires, followed by lamps, light fixtures, cords, plugs, transformers and other power supplies. When looking for potential fire hazards in your home, always be sure to consult with a professional.
Learn More 45.1-2017 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard--Design Recommendations for the design of electrical power generation, distribution, propulsion, loads systems, and equipment on merchant, commercial, and naval vessels are covered in this document.
Learn More 45.5-2014 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard -- Safety Considerations This recommended practice covers electrical safety considerations for shipboard electrical systems and equipment including a review of fundamental concepts pertaining to electrical safety and establishing electrical safety programs and work practices associated with the operation and maintenance of shipboard electrical power distribution systems.
Learn More 45.6-2016 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard--Electrical Testing A consensus of recommended practices for system testing in marine electrical engineering as applied specifically to vessels, shipboard systems, and equipment is provided.
The best way to stay safe is to stay away from electrical hazards. Unqualified personnel should not interact or come close to electrical currents greater than 50V. If you must work in the same area or room as an electrical hazard or equipment operating on more than 50V, maintain a safe distance. All panel doors should be shut, and there should be no exposed wires around your work area before you begin your operations.
If you are cleaning the area, note that some cleaning materials are conductive as well and require additional caution. Solvent and water-based cleaning materials are electrically conductive, as are steel wool and metalized cloth. Keep these cleaning products, as well as any conductive tools, away from live electrical parts and equipment.
When performing any work or maintenance overhead, beware of electrical lines. In most workplaces, there is the potential for live electrical equipment and parts above the floor level, which are only accessible with ladders or elevated platforms. Be sure to use a portable ladder with non-conductive side rails, and stay at least 10 feet away from any exposed electrical lines while you are performing overhead work.
Electrical equipment that can cause ignition must not be used where flammable vapors, gases, or dust are present. The only exception to this rule is when qualified personnel take measures to lockout and isolate electrical energy sources before these potentially flammable materials may be used or the electrical equipment is designed for use under these types of conditions.
If you encounter a live electrical wire, stay away. Only qualified personnel with the proper training should work on live electrical wires. The same electrical safety precaution applies to hazardous electrical equipment. Any live electrical hazard should only be approached and managed by qualified personnel. If you see a live electrical wire that is not attended, you should notify the appropriate electrical safety personnel, who should immediately place physical safety barriers.
Though the names sound similar, there are significant differences in salaries, responsibilities, and the everyday tasks performed by an electrician vs. electrical engineer. To be clear, electricians handle electrical issues and equipment failures. Meanwhile, electrical engineers help design and install large-scale electrical systems by applying engineering principles.
Electrical engineers design, install and manufacture electrical equipment, control systems, motors, power distribution networks, power generation machines, and other accessories. They typically work with electrical power systems manufacturers, distributors, and project-based companies.
Electrician specialties include domestic installers, instrumentation electricians, machine repair, maintenance electricians, and highway electrical systems repair. Additional certifications like solar photovoltaics, power production, electronic equipment repair, or lighting systems can help electricians advance their careers.
Many electrical and electronics installers and repairers work in repair shops or in factories. Installers and repairers may have to lift heavy equipment and work in awkward positions. The majority work full time.
Modern manufacturing plants and transportation systems use a large amount of electrical and electronics equipment, from assembly line motors to sonar systems. Electrical and electronics installers and repairers fix and maintain these complex pieces of equipment.
Commercial and industrial electrical and electronics equipment repairers adjust, test, repair, or install electronic equipment, such as industrial controls, transmitters, and antennas.
Powerhouse, substation, and relay electrical and electronics repairers inspect, test, maintain, or repair electrical equipment used in generating stations, substations, and in-service relays. These workers also may be known as powerhouse electricians, relay technicians, or power transformer repairers.
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers must understand electrical equipment and electronics. As a result, employers often prefer applicants who have taken courses in electronics at a community college or technical school. Courses usually cover AC and DC electronics, electronic devices, and microcontrollers. It is important for prospects to choose schools that include hands-on training in order to gain practical experience.
Over the projections decade, improvements in electrical and electronics equipment design and increased use of disposable tool parts are expected to dampen the need for electrical and electronics equipment installers and repairers.
For example, a utility company housing their sensitive electrical equipment outdoors in a coastal environment may choose a NEMA 4X enclosure to protect against the weather, as well as corrosion caused by salt spray.
NEMA Type 1 enclosures are designed for indoor purposes and offer the most basic level of protection of all NEMA rated enclosures. These enclosures offer a degree of protection against light dust, dirt and accidental contact with electrical equipment.
Despite their limited protection, NEMA 1 enclosures are commonly used in a variety of industries to house indoor electrical equipment, such as variable-frequency drives installed in standard indoor locations.
When installed in non-hazardous environments, NEMA Type 1 enclosures are a cost-effective solution to protect valuable electronics and prevent public access to dangerous electrical equipment. Still, those who are concerned about excess moisture in the atmosphere may want to consider a NEMA 2 enclosure which offers an additional layer of protection against light drops of water.
Another thing to keep in mind is the heat generated by the electrical equipment. In data centers and IT networking equipment, overheating caused by a high internal heat load can result in damaged electrical components and operational failure.
NEMA 4 enclosures offer greater protection against harsh weather conditions compared to NEMA 3R enclosures. Most importantly, they have watertight features which make them suitable for industrial applications, such as protecting outdoor electrical systems, wire splices, circuit breakers and mounted telecommunications equipment.
With a NEMA 6 enclosure, design engineers have little to worry about. In addition to providing protection for accidental contact with electrical equipment, NEMA 6 enclosures offer protection against wet environments, falling dirt, external formation of ice and ingress of water when temporarily submerged.
Because of their corrosion resistance, aluminum and polycarbonate enclosures are often preferable to stainless steel enclosures, which are easily damaged by corrosion, in marine environments. This is because salt spray is highly corrosive and can pose a serious threat to electrical equipment.
Schneider Electric wants to help fill that void. Our free 2018 Electrical Installation Guide is intended to help electrical engineers who need to design, select, install, inspect or maintain low-voltage electrical equipment in compliance with IEC standards.
Applies to the design, erection and verification of electrical installations other than those specifically excluded under its scope. Includes requirements for: (i) circuits supplied at nominal voltages up to and including 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V d.c. For a.c., the preferred frequency which is taken into account in this Code is 50 Hz; (ii) circuits, other than the internal wiring of equipment, operating at voltages exceeding 1000 V and derived from an installation having a voltage not exceeding 1000 V a.c., e.g. discharge lighting, electrostatic precipitators;(iii) wiring systems and cables not specifically covered by the standards for appliances; (iv) all consumer installations external to buildings;(v) fixed wiring for information and communication technology, signalling, control and the like (excluding internal wiring of equipment);(vi) additions and alterations to installations and also parts of the existing installation affected by an addition or alteration.Does not apply to installations such as systems for the distribution of electricity to the public, equipment of motor vehicles, mobile and fixed offshore installations, aircraft or on board ships, radio interference suppression equipment (except so far as it affects safety of the electrical installation), lightning protection systems for buildings. 041b061a72